Diamond drill bit technical parameters?

Diamond Drill Bit Technical Parameters: A Comprehensive Guide with Brand and Model Details

Diamond drill bits are essential tools in construction, mining, stone processing, and home improvement, valued for their ability to cut through hard materials like concrete, granite, marble, 瓷砖 (ceramic tiles), and glass with high precision and efficiency. Their performance is directly determined by a range of technical parameters, and understanding these parameters—along with the strengths of leading brands and models—is critical for selecting the right tool for specific applications. This guide will detail every key technical parameter of diamond drill bits, explore top brands and their representative models, and provide in-depth analysis to help users make informed decisions.

1. Core Material Specifications of Diamond Drill Bits

The materials used in diamond drill bits are the foundation of their performance, as they directly influence hardness, wear resistance, heat resistance, and compatibility with different workpieces. The two primary components are the diamond grit (the cutting element) and the bond matrix (the material that holds the diamond grit in place).

1.1 Diamond Grit Type and Grade

Diamond grit is the “cutting edge” of the drill bit, and its type, grade, and size determine the bit’s cutting speed, precision, and lifespan.

 

  • Natural vs. Synthetic Diamond: Most commercial diamond drill bits use synthetic diamond grit, as it offers consistent quality, lower cost, and customizable properties compared to natural diamonds (which are rare and expensive, primarily used in specialized industrial applications like gemstone cutting). Synthetic diamonds are produced via high-pressure high-temperature (HPHT) or chemical vapor deposition (CVD) processes. HPHT diamonds are harder and more wear-resistant, making them ideal for drilling hard materials like granite and concrete, while CVD diamonds have better thermal conductivity, suitable for high-speed drilling of glass or ceramic.
  • Diamond Grade: Grades are classified by purity, hardness, and crystal structure, with common grades including MBD (Medium Bright Diamond), SCD (Super Coarse Diamond), and SSD (Super Fine Diamond). MBD grades (e.g., MBD4, MBD6) balance hardness and toughness, making them versatile for general-purpose drilling (e.g., concrete, 瓷砖). SCD grades (e.g., SCD8, SCD10) have larger crystal sizes and higher hardness, designed for heavy-duty drilling in abrasive materials like reinforced concrete. SSD grades (e.g., SSD2, SSD3) have fine, uniform crystals, ideal for precision drilling in brittle materials like glass or marble to avoid chipping.

 

Leading brands often specify diamond grades in their product details. For example, Bosch Professional (a top brand in power tools) uses MBD6 diamond grit in its popular model 2608595068 (6mm diameter, for ceramic tiles and glass), ensuring a balance of speed and precision. DeWalt (a brand known for durability) utilizes SCD9 diamond grit in its DW5470 model (12mm diameter, for concrete), enhancing wear resistance for long-term use in tough conditions.

1.2 Bond Matrix Material

The bond matrix (or “bond”) is the material that secures the diamond grit to the bit’s core, and its composition determines how quickly the bond wears down—critical because the bond must wear at a rate that exposes new diamond grit (a process called “self-sharpening”) while maintaining enough strength to hold the grit in place. There are three main types of bond matrices:

 

  • Metal Bond: Composed of metals like cobalt, bronze, iron, or nickel alloys, metal bonds are highly durable and heat-resistant, making them suitable for drilling hard, abrasive materials (concrete, granite, natural stone). The hardness of the metal bond varies: cobalt-based bonds are the hardest (used for granite and hard concrete), while bronze-based bonds are softer (ideal for medium-hard materials like marble). For example, Hilti (a leading brand in construction tools) uses a cobalt-bronze alloy bond in its TE-CX 5/8″ diamond drill bit, designed for drilling reinforced concrete in commercial construction. This bond resists high temperatures generated during drilling and ensures consistent grit exposure.
  • Resin Bond: Made of synthetic resins (e.g., phenolic resins) mixed with fillers, resin bonds are softer than metal bonds and have excellent shock absorption. They are ideal for drilling brittle materials like glass, ceramic tiles, and porcelain, as they reduce chipping and cracking. Resin bonds also operate at lower temperatures, making them suitable for handheld drills (common in home improvement). Makita (a Japanese brand renowned for precision) uses a high-strength resin bond in its D-25287 model (8mm diameter, for glass and ceramic), which delivers smooth, chip-free holes in delicate materials.
  • Electroplated Bond: A thin layer of metal (usually nickel) is electroplated onto the bit’s core, with diamond grit embedded in the metal layer. Electroplated bonds are simple in structure, low-cost, and offer fast cutting speeds, but they have lower durability (the grit can wear out quickly in abrasive materials). They are commonly used for light-duty applications, such as drilling small holes in 瓷砖 or glass. Black+Decker (a consumer-focused brand) offers the BDCDB100 electroplated diamond drill bit set (sizes 3mm-12mm), designed for home users drilling ceramic tiles or mirrors.

1.3 Core Body Material

The core body (the “shaft” of the drill bit) provides structural support, and its material affects the bit’s rigidity, weight, and heat dissipation.

 

  • Steel Alloys: Most diamond drill bits use high-carbon steel or alloy steel (e.g., 45# steel, Cr-V steel) for the core body. High-carbon steel is rigid and affordable, suitable for light to medium-duty drilling, while Cr-V (chromium-vanadium) steel adds corrosion resistance and toughness, ideal for heavy-duty use. For example, Milwaukee Tool (a brand known for industrial-grade tools) uses Cr-V steel in its 48-89-2500 core drill bit (50mm diameter, for concrete core drilling), ensuring the bit can withstand high torque during deep drilling.
  • Aluminum Alloys: Used in lightweight diamond drill bits (e.g., for handheld drills), aluminum alloys reduce the bit’s weight, reducing user fatigue during extended use. However, they are less rigid than steel, so they are not suitable for high-torque applications. Ryobi (a brand focused on consumer tools) uses aluminum alloy cores in its A99HT1 tile and glass drill bit set, making the bits easy to handle for home users.

2. Dimensional Parameters: Sizing and Geometry

Dimensional parameters determine the drill bit’s compatibility with workpieces (e.g., hole size, depth) and drilling equipment (e.g., drill chuck size). These parameters include diameter, length, core hole size (for core bits), and shank type.

2.1 Diameter (Drill Bit Size)

The diameter is the most basic parameter, defining the size of the hole the bit will create. Diamond drill bits are available in a wide range of diameters, from small sizes (1mm-10mm) for precision drilling (e.g., glass, jewelry making) to large sizes (100mm-300mm) for core drilling (e.g., concrete walls, pipelines).

 

  • Small Diameters (1mm-10mm): Used for drilling small, precise holes in brittle materials like glass, ceramic tiles, or circuit boards. Examples include:
    • Bosch Professional 2608595065: 3mm diameter, resin bond, for glass and ceramic. It features a pointed tip for easy positioning and minimal chipping.
    • DeWalt DW5460: 5mm diameter, metal bond, for light concrete and brick. Designed for use with cordless drills, it has a hexagonal shank for secure chuck grip.
  • Medium Diameters (11mm-50mm): Versatile for both home and commercial use, suitable for drilling holes in concrete, marble, and large 瓷砖. Examples:
    • Hilti TE-CX 1/2″ (12.7mm): Metal bond (cobalt-bronze), core body made of Cr-V steel. Ideal for drilling concrete in residential construction, compatible with Hilti’s TE 2000-AVR hammer drill. It has a “dust extraction groove” to reduce debris buildup.
    • Makita D-25290: 20mm diameter, resin bond, for porcelain tiles and granite. Features a “double-layer diamond grit” design (coarse grit for fast cutting, fine grit for smooth finishing) to improve efficiency.
  • Large Diameters (51mm+): Used for core drilling (removing a cylindrical piece of material) in heavy-duty applications like construction, mining, or pipeline installation. These are often called “core bits” and have a hollow design. Examples:
    • Milwaukee 48-89-2550: 100mm diameter core bit, metal bond (cobalt-iron alloy), Cr-V steel core. Designed for drilling concrete walls for electrical boxes or plumbing. It has a “water cooling port” to prevent overheating during long drilling sessions.
    • Bosch Professional 2608600078: 150mm diameter core bit, suitable for reinforced concrete. Features a “segmented cutting edge” (multiple diamond segments) to distribute pressure evenly, reducing vibration and improving hole straightness.

2.2 Length (Overall Length and Effective Drilling Length)

The overall length (OL) is the total length of the drill bit (from tip to end of the shank), while the effective drilling length (EDL) is the portion of the bit that can actually cut (from the tip to the base of the cutting segment). These parameters determine the maximum depth of the hole the bit can drill.

 

  • Short Length (50mm-150mm): Used for shallow holes (e.g., drilling tiles for wall hangings, glass for mirrors). Examples:
    • Black+Decker BDCDB100 6mm: Overall length 80mm, effective drilling length 30mm. Electroplated bond, ideal for home users drilling small holes in ceramic tiles.
    • Ryobi A99HT1 8mm: Overall length 100mm, effective drilling length 40mm. Aluminum alloy core, lightweight for easy handling.
  • Medium Length (151mm-300mm): Suitable for drilling medium-depth holes (e.g., concrete walls for shelves, marble countertops for sinks). Examples:
    • DeWalt DW5470 12mm: Overall length 200mm, effective drilling length 100mm. Metal bond, compatible with DeWalt’s DCD996 cordless hammer drill. It has a “depth stop” feature to control hole depth.
    • Hilti TE-CX 16mm: Overall length 250mm, effective drilling length 120mm. Cobalt-bronze bond, designed for drilling concrete in commercial projects.
  • Long Length (301mm+): Used for deep drilling (e.g., concrete floors, stone pillars). These bits often have a reinforced core to prevent bending. Examples:
    • Milwaukee 48-89-2600 25mm: Overall length 350mm, effective drilling length 200mm. Cr-V steel core, metal bond, suitable for drilling deep holes in concrete for rebar installation.
    • Bosch Professional 2608600085 32mm: Overall length 400mm, effective drilling length 250mm. Segmented cutting edge, compatible with Bosch’s GBH 5-40 D hammer drill for heavy-duty use.

2.3 Shank Type

The shank is the part of the drill bit that connects to the drill chuck, and its type determines compatibility with different drilling machines. Common shank types include:

 

  • Round Shank: The most common type, with a cylindrical shape that fits into standard three-jaw chucks (used in most handheld drills and hammer drills). It is available in different diameters (e.g., 6mm, 10mm, 13mm) to match chuck sizes. Examples:
    • Makita D-25287 8mm: Round shank (6mm diameter), fits most standard drills. Resin bond, for glass and ceramic.
    • Bosch 2608595068 6mm: Round shank (5mm diameter), compatible with cordless drills for home use.
  • Hexagonal (Hex) Shank: Has a six-sided shape that prevents slipping in the chuck, even under high torque. It is commonly used in hammer drills and impact drivers (popular in construction). Hex shanks are often marked with sizes (e.g., 1/4″, 3/8″, 1/2″) to match chuck openings. Examples:
    • DeWalt DW5480 16mm: 1/2″ hex shank, compatible with DeWalt’s impact drivers. Metal bond, for concrete and brick. It has a “quick-change” design for fast bit swapping.
    • Hilti TE-CX 20mm: 3/8″ hex shank, designed for Hilti’s TE 30-A36 cordless hammer drill. Cobalt-bronze bond, for reinforced concrete.
  • SDS Shank: A specialized shank used in SDS (Slotted Drive System) hammer drills, which deliver high-impact force for drilling hard materials like concrete. SDS shanks have grooves that lock into the drill’s chuck, providing a secure connection and reducing vibration. There are three main SDS types: SDS Plus (small, for light to medium-duty), SDS Max (large, for heavy-duty), and SDS Top (for core drilling). Examples:
    • Bosch Professional 2608600092 25mm: SDS Plus shank, suitable for Bosch’s GBH 2-28 DFV hammer drill. Metal bond, for concrete and stone.
    • Hilti TE-CX 32mm: SDS Max shank, designed for Hilti’s TE 80-AVR heavy-duty hammer drill. Cobalt-iron bond, for deep drilling in reinforced concrete.

2.4 Core Hole Size (for Core Bits)

Core bits (hollow diamond drill bits) have a “core hole” (the hollow center) that determines the size of the cylindrical material removed during drilling. The core hole size is typically smaller than the bit’s outer diameter. For example:

 

  • Milwaukee 48-89-2500 50mm: Outer diameter 50mm, core hole size 30mm. Used for drilling holes in concrete for electrical conduit (which has a 25mm outer diameter, fitting through the 30mm core hole).
  • Bosch 2608600078 150mm: Outer diameter 150mm, core hole size 120mm. Suitable for drilling holes in concrete walls for large pipes (e.g., 100mm diameter pipes).

3. Performance Parameters: Speed, Lifespan, and Efficiency

Performance parameters directly reflect how well a diamond drill bit will perform in real-world applications, including drilling speed, lifespan, recommended rotational speed (RPM), and cooling requirements.

3.1 Drilling Speed

Drilling speed is the rate at which the bit cuts through material, measured in millimeters per minute (mm/min) or inches per minute (ipm). It depends on the diamond grit grade, bond type, material hardness, and rotational speed.

 

  • Drilling Speed by Material:
    • Glass/Ceramic: Resin or electroplated bond bits have a drilling speed of 5mm/min-15mm/min. For example, the Makita D-25287 8mm (resin bond) drills through 10mm thick glass at 8mm/min, while the Black+Decker BDCDB100 6mm (electroplated) drills through 5mm ceramic tile at 12mm/min.
    • Marble/Soft Stone: Metal (bronze-based) or resin bond bits achieve 10mm/min-25mm/min. The Hilti TE-CX 12mm (bronze-cobalt bond) drills through 20mm marble at 18mm/min.
    • Concrete: Metal (cobalt-based) bond bits have a speed of 8mm/min-20mm/min (reinforced concrete is slower due to steel rebar). The DeWalt DW5470 12mm (SCD9 grit, cobalt bond) drills through C30 concrete (medium-hard) at 15mm/min, while the Milwaukee 48-89-2500 50mm (core bit) drills through C40 concrete at 10mm/min.
    • Granite/Hard Stone: Hard metal (cobalt-iron) bond bits with SCD grades have a speed of 5mm/min-12mm/min. The Bosch Professional 2608600085 32mm (SCD10 grit) drills through 30mm granite at 8mm/min.

 

Brands often optimize drilling speed through design features. For example, Hilti’s TE-CX bits have a “variable grit distribution” (more grit at the tip for fast initial cutting, fewer grits along the sides for smooth finishing), which increases speed by 15% compared to standard bits. DeWalt’s DW5400 series uses a “serrated cutting edge” to break up concrete particles faster, boosting speed by 10%.

3.2 Lifespan (Drilling Capacity)

Lifespan refers to the total drilling distance a bit can achieve before the diamond grit is worn out, measured in meters (m) or feet (ft). It is influenced by the diamond grit grade, bond type, material abrasiveness, and cooling method.

 

  • Lifespan by Bond Type:
    • Electroplated Bond: Shortest lifespan (0.5m-2m), suitable for light use. The Black+Decker BDCDB100 set (electroplated) can drill 1m of ceramic tile before needing replacement.
    • Resin Bond: Medium lifespan (2m-5m) for brittle materials. The Makita D-25290 20mm (resin bond) can drill 3m of porcelain tile.
    • Metal Bond: Longest lifespan (5m-20m) for abrasive materials. The Hilti TE-CX 16mm (cobalt-bronze bond) can drill 12m of C30 concrete. The Milwaukee 48-89-2600 25mm (cobalt-iron bond) can drill 18m of reinforced concrete (thanks to its Cr-V steel core and high-grade SCD9 grit).

 

Brand-specific technologies also extend lifespan. Bosch’s “Titanium Coating” on its Professional series bits reduces friction and heat, increasing lifespan by 20%. Hilti’s “Heat-Activated Bond” (the bond hardens slightly at high temperatures) prevents premature grit loss, extending lifespan by 25%.

3.3 Recommended Rotational Speed (RPM)

Rotational speed (RPM, revolutions per minute) is the speed at which the drill bit spins, and it must be matched to the bit’s diameter and the workpiece material to avoid overheating (which damages the bond and diamond grit) or slow cutting.

 

  • RPM Guidelines by Diameter and Material:
    • Small Diameters (1mm-10mm):
      • Glass/Ceramic: 3,000 RPM-6,000 RPM (low speed to prevent chipping). The Bosch 2608595065 3mm is recommended for 4,000 RPM on glass.
      • Concrete: 1,500 RPM-3,000 RPM. The DeWalt DW5460 5mm works best at 2,000 RPM on light concrete.
    • Medium Diameters (11mm-50mm):
      • Marble: 1,000 RPM-2,500 RPM. The Makita D-25290 20mm is optimal at 1,800 RPM on marble.
      • Concrete: 800 RPM-2,000 RPM. The Hilti TE-CX 12mm performs best at 1,200 RPM on reinforced concrete.
    • Large Diameters (51mm+):
      • Core Drilling (Concrete): 300 RPM-1,000 RPM (high torque, low speed to prevent bit bending). The Milwaukee 48-89-2550 100mm core bit is recommended for 500 RPM on C40 concrete.

 

Most modern drills (especially cordless models from DeWalt, Bosch, and Makita) have variable speed controls, allowing users to adjust RPM to match the bit. For example, DeWalt’s DCD996 cordless drill has a speed range of 0-500 RPM (low) and 0-2,000 RPM (high), compatible with most medium-diameter diamond bits.

3.4 Cooling Requirements

Diamond drill bits generate significant heat during drilling (from friction between the grit and workpiece), which can soften the bond, melt resin, or even damage the diamond grit. Cooling is therefore critical to maintain performance and lifespan. There are two main cooling methods:

 

  • Water Cooling: The most effective method, where water is sprayed or dripped onto the cutting area to dissipate heat and flush away debris. It is required for metal bond bits (especially for concrete and granite) and recommended for resin bond bits. Many core bits have built-in water ports (e.g., Milwaukee 48-89-2500) that connect to a water hose or bottle. For example, the Hilti TE-CX 32mm (SDS Max) requires 0.5-1 liter of water per minute during drilling to keep the bit temperature below 150°C (the maximum safe temperature for its cobalt bond).
  • Air Cooling: Uses compressed air to blow away debris and cool the bit, suitable for small, resin-bonded bits (e.g., glass, 瓷砖) where water could damage the workpiece (e.g., electrical boxes). Bosch’s 2608595068 6mm (resin bond) can be air-cooled when drilling ceramic tiles, but performance is 10% lower than with water cooling.

 

Brands often design bits for easy cooling. Makita’s D-25287 has a “grooved cutting edge” that channels air or water to the tip, improving cooling efficiency by 15%. DeWalt’s DW5480 has a “heat-dissipating shank” (made of aluminum alloy) that draws heat away from the cutting area, reducing the need for constant water cooling.

4. Specialized Design Parameters for Specific Applications

Different applications require unique design features to optimize performance. Below are key design parameters for common use cases, along with brand and model examples.

4.1 Tile and Glass Drilling (Brittle Materials)

For brittle materials like ceramic, porcelain, and glass, the drill bit must minimize chipping and cracking. Key design parameters include:

 

  • Pointed Tip: A sharp, narrow tip for precise positioning without slipping (prevents initial chipping).
  • Fine Diamond Grit: SSD grades (e.g., SSD2) for smooth cutting, reducing surface damage.
  • Shock-Absorbing Bond: Resin or soft metal bonds to absorb vibration.

 

Examples:

 

  • Bosch Professional 2608595070 10mm: Pointed tip, SSD2 grit, resin bond. Designed for porcelain tiles (the hardest type of tile), it drills chip-free holes and has a lifespan of 3m.
  • Makita D-25289 12mm: Rounded tip (to distribute pressure evenly), SSD3 grit, resin bond. Ideal for 10mm thick glass, it has a “non-slip shank” to prevent wobbling in the chuck.
  • Black+Decker BDCDB200 8mm: Electroplated bond, fine grit, pointed tip. Affordable option for home users drilling ceramic tiles, with a speed of 10mm/min on 5mm tile.

4.2 Concrete and Masonry Drilling (Abrasive Materials)

Concrete (especially reinforced concrete with steel rebar) is highly abrasive, requiring bits with high wear resistance and impact strength. Key design parameters:

 

  • Coarse Diamond Grit: SCD grades (e.g., SCD8, SCD10) for fast cutting through aggregate.
  • Hard Metal Bond: Cobalt or cobalt-iron alloys to resist wear.
  • Reinforced Core: Cr-V steel or alloy steel to withstand torque and impact.
  • Dust Extraction Features: Grooves or ports to remove concrete dust (prevents clogging).

 

Examples:

 

  • Hilti TE-CX 1/2″ (12.7mm): SCD9 grit, cobalt-bronze bond, Cr-V steel core. Features a “rebar-cutting edge” (tungsten carbide inserts) to drill through steel rebar without damaging the diamond grit. It has a lifespan of 15m on C30 concrete and is compatible with Hilti’s dust extraction systems.
  • DeWalt DW5490 20mm: SCD10 grit, cobalt-iron bond, hex shank. Designed for impact drivers, it has a “tapered core” that reduces vibration and improves hole straightness. It drills through reinforced concrete at 12mm/min.
  • Milwaukee 48-89-2520 16mm: SCD8 grit, cobalt bond, SDS Plus shank. Has a “double-row diamond segment” (two layers of grit) for faster cutting and longer lifespan (18m on C40 concrete).

4.3 Granite and Natural Stone Drilling (Hard Materials)

Granite and natural stone are harder than concrete, requiring bits with ultra-hard diamond grit and bonds. Key design parameters:

 

  • Extra-Hard Diamond Grit: SCD10 or higher grades (e.g., SCD12) for cutting through quartz and feldspar in granite.
  • Cobalt-Iron Bond: The hardest bond type, resistant to high temperatures and wear.
  • Segmented Cutting Edge: Multiple diamond segments to distribute pressure, reducing cracking.

 

Examples:

 

  • Bosch Professional 2608600095 25mm: SCD12 grit, cobalt-iron bond, segmented edge. Designed for granite countertops, it drills at 7mm/min and has a lifespan of 8m. It features a “water channel” in the segments for efficient cooling.
  • Hilti TE-CX 3/4″ (19mm): SCD11 grit, cobalt-iron bond, SDS Max shank. Used in commercial stone processing, it can drill through 50mm granite at 6mm/min and has a “wear indicator” (a colored band that fades when the grit is worn out).
  • Makita D-25300 32mm: SCD10 grit, cobalt-bronze bond, round shank. Ideal for natural stone like marble and travertine, it has a “polished cutting edge” for smooth hole finishes (important for decorative stonework).

4.4 Core Drilling (Large Holes)

Core drilling is used to create large holes (50mm+) in concrete, stone, or brick for pipes, vents, or electrical boxes. Key design parameters:

 

  • Hollow Core: Lightweight yet rigid, with a large core hole for material removal.
  • Multiple Segments: Segmented cutting edge (6-12 segments) for even pressure distribution.
  • Water Cooling Ports: Built-in ports to connect to water systems (critical for heat dissipation).
  • Heavy-Duty Shank: SDS Max or threaded shanks for compatibility with core drilling machines.

 

Examples:

 

  • Milwaukee 48-89-2650 200mm: 6-segment cutting edge, cobalt-iron bond, threaded shank. Designed for core drilling concrete walls for large pipes, it has a lifespan of 10m on C40 concrete and requires 2 liters of water per minute.
  • Bosch Professional 2608600100 150mm: 8-segment cutting edge, cobalt-bronze bond, SDS Max shank. Compatible with Bosch’s GDB 18V-200 core drill, it drills at 8mm/min and has a “dust-tight seal” to prevent debris from entering the core.
  • Hilti TE-CX 8″ (203mm): 12-segment cutting edge, cobalt-iron bond, SDS Max shank. Used in industrial construction, it can drill through 300mm thick reinforced concrete and has a “segment replacement system” (worn segments can be replaced, extending the bit’s lifespan by 50%).

5. Leading Brands and Their Flagship Models: Detailed Comparisons

Choosing a reputable brand ensures consistent quality, reliable performance, and good after-sales support. Below are the top brands in the diamond drill bit market, along with their flagship models, key features, and technical specifications.

5.1 Bosch Professional

Bosch is a German brand known for precision engineering and innovative tool design. Its diamond drill bits are widely used in both professional and home applications, with a focus on durability and efficiency.

Flagship Models:

  1. Bosch Professional 2608595068 (6mm, Tile/Glass):
    • Technical Parameters: Diameter 6mm, overall length 80mm, effective drilling length 30mm, round shank (5mm), resin bond, SSD2 diamond grit, core body made of high-carbon steel.
    • Key Features: Pointed tip for precise positioning, “Precision Tip Technology” (reduces chipping by 30%), compatible with standard drills.
    • Performance: Drilling speed 9mm/min on 5mm ceramic tile, 7mm/min on 5mm glass, lifespan 2.5m on tile.
    • Applications: Home improvement (drilling tiles for wall hangings, glass for mirrors).
  2. Bosch Professional 2608600085 (32mm, Concrete/Granite):
    • Technical Parameters: Diameter 32mm, overall length 400mm, effective drilling length 250mm, SDS Plus shank, cobalt-iron bond, SCD10 diamond grit, core body made of Cr-V steel.
    • Key Features: Segmented cutting edge (4 segments), “Titanium Coating” (extends lifespan by 20%), water cooling port, dust extraction groove.
    • Performance: Drilling speed 8mm/min on 30mm granite, 12mm/min on C30 concrete, lifespan 15m on concrete.
    • Applications: Commercial construction (drilling concrete walls, granite countertops).
  3. Bosch Professional 2608600078 (150mm, Core Drilling):
    • Technical Parameters: Diameter 150mm, overall length 500mm, effective drilling length 300mm, threaded shank (M22), cobalt-bronze bond, SCD9 diamond grit, core body made of alloy steel.
    • Key Features: 8-segment cutting edge, “Dust-Tight Seal” (prevents debris buildup), water cooling system, lightweight design (2.5kg).
    • Performance: Drilling speed 6mm/min on C40 concrete, lifespan 8m on reinforced concrete.
    • Applications: Industrial core drilling (pipes, vents).

5.2 DeWalt

DeWalt is an American brand specializing in industrial-grade power tools and accessories. Its diamond drill bits are designed for durability and high performance in tough conditions (e.g., construction, mining).

Flagship Models:

  1. DeWalt DW5460 (5mm, Light Concrete):
    • Technical Parameters: Diameter 5mm, overall length 100mm, effective drilling length 45mm, round shank (6mm), metal bond (bronze-cobalt), SCD8 diamond grit, core body made of high-carbon steel.
    • Key Features: “Serrated Cutting Edge” (boosts speed by 10%), non-slip shank, compatible with cordless drills.
    • Performance: Drilling speed 14mm/min on light concrete, 10mm/min on brick, lifespan 5m on concrete.
    • Applications: Residential construction (drilling small holes in concrete for nails, screws).
  2. DeWalt DW5470 (12mm, Reinforced Concrete):
    • Technical Parameters: Diameter 12mm, overall length 200mm, effective drilling length 100mm, hex shank (1/4″), cobalt-iron bond, SCD9 diamond grit, core body made of Cr-V steel.
    • Key Features: “Depth Stop” (controls hole depth), “Heat-Dissipating Shank” (reduces cooling needs), “Quick-Change Design” (fast bit swapping).
    • Performance: Drilling speed 15mm/min on C30 concrete, 12mm/min on reinforced concrete (with rebar), lifespan 12m on concrete.
    • Applications: Commercial construction (drilling concrete for electrical boxes, shelves).
  3. DeWalt DW5490 (20mm, Impact Driver Compatible):
    • Technical Parameters: Diameter 20mm, overall length 250mm, effective drilling length 120mm, hex shank (3/8″), cobalt-iron bond, SCD10 diamond grit, core body made of alloy steel.
    • Key Features: “Tapered Core” (reduces vibration by 25%), “Rebar-Resistant Grit” (drills through steel without damage), compatible with impact drivers.
    • Performance: Drilling speed 12mm/min on reinforced concrete, 18mm/min on brick, lifespan 18m on concrete.
    • Applications: Heavy-duty construction (drilling deep holes in concrete floors, walls).

5.3 Hilti

Hilti is a Liechtenstein-based brand focused on construction tools and solutions. Its diamond drill bits are engineered for extreme durability and performance in commercial and industrial applications (e.g., high-rise construction, mining).

Flagship Models:

  1. Hilti TE-CX 1/2″ (12.7mm, Concrete):
    • Technical Parameters: Diameter 12.7mm, overall length 250mm, effective drilling length 120mm, SDS Plus shank, cobalt-bronze bond, SCD9 diamond grit, core body made of Cr-V steel.
    • Key Features: “Variable Grit Distribution” (15% faster cutting), “Dust Extraction Groove” (reduces debris), “Wear Indicator” (colored band fades when worn).
    • Performance: Drilling speed 16mm/min on C30 concrete, 13mm/min on reinforced concrete, lifespan 15m on concrete.
    • Applications: Commercial construction (drilling concrete for plumbing, electrical work).
  2. Hilti TE-CX 5/8″ (15.9mm, Reinforced Concrete):
    • Technical Parameters: Diameter 15.9mm, overall length 300mm, effective drilling length 150mm, SDS Plus shank, cobalt-iron bond, SCD10 diamond grit, core body made of alloy steel.
    • Key Features: “Rebar-Cutting Edge” (tungsten carbide inserts), “Heat-Activated Bond” (extends lifespan by 25%), compatible with Hilti’s TE 2000-AVR hammer drill.
    • Performance: Drilling speed 14mm/min on reinforced concrete, 18mm/min on C30 concrete, lifespan 20m on concrete.
    • Applications: Industrial construction (drilling concrete for structural supports).
  3. Hilti TE-CX 8″ (203mm, Core Drilling):
    • Technical Parameters: Diameter 203mm, overall length 600mm, effective drilling length 350mm, SDS Max shank, cobalt-iron bond, SCD11 diamond grit, core body made of high-strength alloy steel.
    • Key Features: 12-segment cutting edge, “Segment Replacement System” (extends lifespan by 50%), water cooling port (2L/min required), dust extraction compatible.
    • Performance: Drilling speed 7mm/min on C40 reinforced concrete, lifespan 12m on concrete.
    • Applications: Industrial core drilling (large pipes, vents in high-rise buildings).

5.4 Makita

Makita is a Japanese brand known for precision and reliability, with diamond drill bits designed for both professional and consumer use, especially in stone processing and home improvement.

Flagship Models:

  1. Makita D-25287 (8mm, Glass/Ceramic):
    • Technical Parameters: Diameter 8mm, overall length 100mm, effective drilling length 40mm, round shank (6mm), resin bond, SSD3 diamond grit, core body made of aluminum alloy.
    • Key Features: “Grooved Cutting Edge” (improves cooling by 15%), rounded tip (reduces chipping), lightweight design (50g).
    • Performance: Drilling speed 8mm/min on 10mm glass, 12mm/min on 5mm ceramic tile, lifespan 3m on tile.
    • Applications: Home improvement (drilling glass for mirrors, ceramic tiles for backsplashes).
  2. Makita D-25290 (20mm, Porcelain Tile/Granite):
    • Technical Parameters: Diameter 20mm, overall length 200mm, effective drilling length 100mm, round shank (10mm), resin-metal hybrid bond, SSD2/SCD8 dual grit (fine for tile, coarse for granite), core body made of high-carbon steel.
    • Key Features: “Double-Layer Grit” (smooth finish + fast cutting), “Non-Slip Shank” (prevents wobbling), compatible with standard and hammer drills.
    • Performance: Drilling speed 10mm/min on porcelain tile, 8mm/min on granite, lifespan 4m on tile, 6m on granite.
    • Applications: Professional stone processing (granite countertops, porcelain tile installations).
  3. Makita D-25300 (32mm, Natural Stone):
    • Technical Parameters: Diameter 32mm, overall length 300mm, effective drilling length 150mm, SDS Plus shank, cobalt-bronze bond, SCD10 diamond grit, core body made of Cr-V steel.
    • Key Features: “Polished Cutting Edge” (smooth hole finishes), water cooling port, “Vibration-Reducing Core” (improves user comfort).
    • Performance: Drilling speed 7mm/min on marble, 6mm/min on granite, lifespan 8m on natural stone.
    • Applications: Decorative stonework (marble fireplaces, granite tabletops).

5.5 Black+Decker

Black+Decker is an American brand focused on consumer-friendly tools, offering affordable, easy-to-use diamond drill bits for home improvement and light-duty applications.

Flagship Models:

  1. Black+Decker BDCDB100 (3mm-12mm, Tile/Glass Set):
    • Technical Parameters: Set includes 6 bits (3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 8mm, 12mm), electroplated bond, SSD1 diamond grit, round shanks (3mm-8mm), core bodies made of high-carbon steel.
    • Key Features: Color-coded shanks (easy size identification), pointed tips (precise positioning), compatible with standard handheld drills.
    • Performance: Drilling speed 8mm/min-12mm/min on ceramic tile, 5mm/min-8mm/min on glass, lifespan 0.5m-1.5m per bit.
    • Applications: Home use (drilling tiles for bathroom fixtures, glass for crafts).
  2. Black+Decker BDCDB200 (8mm, Porcelain Tile):
    • Technical Parameters: Diameter 8mm, overall length 100mm, effective drilling length 40mm, round shank (6mm), resin-electroplated hybrid bond, SSD2 diamond grit, core body made of high-carbon steel.
    • Key Features: “Chip-Guard Tip” (reduces tile chipping by 20%), affordable price point, easy to clean.
    • Performance: Drilling speed 10mm/min on porcelain tile, 8mm/min on ceramic tile, lifespan 2m on tile.
    • Applications: Home tile installation (kitchen backsplashes, bathroom walls).

6. Selection Guide: Matching Technical Parameters to Applications

Choosing the right diamond drill bit requires aligning its technical parameters with the specific workpiece material, hole size, and drilling equipment. Below is a step-by-step guide to help users select the optimal bit:

Step 1: Identify the Workpiece Material

  • Brittle Materials (Glass, Ceramic, Porcelain): Choose resin or electroplated bond bits with fine diamond grit (SSD1-SSD3), small to medium diameters (1mm-20mm), and pointed/rounded tips to prevent chipping. Examples: Bosch 2608595068 (6mm), Makita D-25287 (8mm), Black+Decker BDCDB100 (set).
  • Medium-Hard Materials (Marble, Soft Stone, Brick): Select metal (bronze-based) or resin-metal hybrid bond bits with medium grit (MBD4-MBD6), medium diameters (10mm-32mm), and segmented edges for smooth cutting. Examples: Makita D-25300 (32mm), Hilti TE-CX 12mm (12.7mm).
  • Hard/Abrasive Materials (Concrete, Reinforced Concrete, Granite): Opt for metal (cobalt or cobalt-iron) bond bits with coarse grit (SCD8-SCD12), medium to large diameters (12mm+), and reinforced cores (Cr-V steel). For reinforced concrete, choose bits with rebar-cutting features. Examples: DeWalt DW5470 (12mm), Hilti TE-CX 15.9mm (5/8″), Bosch 2608600085 (32mm).
  • Large Hole Requirements (Core Drilling): Use core bits with hollow cores, multiple segments, water cooling ports, and heavy-duty shanks (SDS Max, threaded). Examples: Milwaukee 48-89-2550 (100mm), Hilti TE-CX 203mm (8″), Bosch 2608600078 (150mm).

Step 2: Determine Hole Size and Depth

  • Small Holes (1mm-10mm, Shallow): Choose short-length bits (50mm-150mm) with round or hex shanks, suitable for handheld drills. Examples: Black+Decker BDCDB100 3mm, DeWalt DW5460 5mm.
  • Medium Holes (11mm-50mm, Medium Depth): Select medium-length bits (151mm-300mm) with hex or SDS Plus shanks, compatible with hammer drills. Examples: Hilti TE-CX 12.7mm (1/2″), Makita D-25290 20mm.
  • Large Holes (51mm+, Deep): Use long-length core bits (301mm+) with SDS Max or threaded shanks, designed for core drilling machines. Examples: Milwaukee 48-89-2650 200mm, Hilti TE-CX 203mm.

Step 3: Match to Drilling Equipment

  • Standard Handheld Drills: Compatible with round or hex shank bits (diameters up to 20mm), ideal for light-duty drilling (tile, glass). Examples: Bosch 2608595068, Black+Decker BDCDB200.
  • Hammer Drills: Require SDS Plus or hex shank bits (diameters up to 32mm), suitable for medium-duty concrete and stone drilling. Examples: DeWalt DW5470, Hilti TE-CX 12.7mm.
  • Heavy-Duty Hammer Drills/Core Drills: Need SDS Max or threaded shank bits (diameters 50mm+), designed for industrial concrete and core drilling. Examples: Milwaukee 48-89-2600, Hilti TE-CX 203mm.

Step 4: Consider Budget and Lifespan

  • Budget-Conscious Users (Home Use): Electroplated or basic resin bond bits (Black+Decker BDCDB100, Ryobi A99HT1) are affordable but have shorter lifespans (0.5m-2m).
  • Professional Users (Commercial Use): Metal bond bits from Bosch, DeWalt, or Hilti (e.g., Bosch 2608600085, Hilti TE-CX 15.9mm) are more expensive but offer longer lifespans (5m-20m) and better performance.

7. Maintenance and Care to Extend Bit Lifespan

Proper maintenance ensures that diamond drill bits retain their performance and lifespan. Below are key maintenance practices:

7.1 Cooling Management

  • Always use water cooling for metal bond bits (concrete, granite) to prevent overheating. For small bits, a spray bottle or water-soaked sponge can be used; for core bits, connect to a water hose or cooling system.
  • Avoid dry drilling with resin or metal bond bits, as this can melt the bond or damage the diamond grit. Air cooling is only suitable for small, electroplated bits (tile, glass) and should be used with caution.

7.2 Cleaning

  • After use, clean the bit with water to remove debris (concrete dust, tile particles) that can clog the diamond grit. For stubborn debris, use a wire brush (soft-bristle to avoid damaging the grit).
  • Dry the bit thoroughly to prevent rust (especially for steel core bodies). Apply a light coat of oil (e.g., machine oil) to the shank and core body if storing for long periods.

7.3 Storage

  • Store bits in a dry, cool place (avoid humidity, which causes rust). Use a bit case or organizer to prevent scratches and damage to the cutting edge.
  • Avoid storing bits with other tools (e.g., screwdrivers, wrenches) that can chip the diamond grit or bend the shank.

7.4 Proper Use

  • Do not apply excessive pressure during drilling; let the diamond grit do the work. Excessive pressure can wear the bond prematurely and cause the bit to overheat.
  • Match the RPM to the bit diameter and material (follow the brand’s recommended RPM guidelines). Using too high RPM can damage the bond; too low RPM reduces efficiency.
  • For reinforced concrete, slow down when drilling through rebar to avoid damaging the diamond grit. Use bits with rebar-cutting features (e.g., Hilti TE-CX 15.9mm) for best results.

8. Conclusion

Diamond drill bits are versatile tools whose performance is defined by a range of technical parameters, including material composition (diamond grit, bond matrix, core body), dimensional parameters (diameter, length, shank type), and performance metrics (drilling speed, lifespan, RPM). Leading brands like Bosch, DeWalt, Hilti, Makita, and Black+Decker offer specialized models tailored to different applications—from home tile drilling to industrial core drilling—each with unique features to optimize performance.

 

By understanding these technical parameters and matching them to the workpiece material, hole size, and drilling equipment, users can select the right diamond drill bit to achieve precise, efficient, and long-lasting results. Proper maintenance (cooling, cleaning, storage) further extends the bit’s lifespan, ensuring maximum value for investment. Whether for home improvement, commercial construction, or industrial processing, the right diamond drill bit—backed by reliable brand technology— is essential for success.

 

If you have a specific application in mind (e.g., drilling a particular type of stone, selecting a bit for a cordless drill) or want to dive deeper into a specific brand/model, feel free to share more details. I can provide tailored recommendations, compare additional models, or explain advanced technical features to help you refine your selection.

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