Water drill bit models and dimensions

Water Drill Bits: Comprehensive Guide to Models, Dimensions, and Brands

Water drill bits, also known as wet drill bits, are specialized cutting tools designed to drill through hard materials such as concrete, tile, glass, stone, and masonry while using water for cooling and chip evacuation. Unlike dry drill bits, water drill bits rely on a continuous water flow to reduce friction, prevent overheating (which can damage the bit and the workpiece), and flush away debris—critical for maintaining cutting efficiency and extending the bit’s service life. The performance of a water drill bit depends heavily on its material composition, design, dimensions, and compatibility with the drilling application, making it essential to understand the various models, size parameters, and brand-specific offerings available in the market. This guide provides a detailed overview of water drill bit classifications, key dimensions, top brands, and their respective models, tailored to both DIY enthusiasts and professional contractors.

1. Core Classifications of Water Drill Bits

Water drill bits are primarily categorized by two factors: material composition (the type of cutting tip) and intended application (the material they are designed to drill). These classifications directly influence the bit’s performance, durability, and suitable use cases.

1.1 Classification by Cutting Tip Material

The cutting tip is the most critical component of a water drill bit, as it comes into direct contact with the workpiece. The most common materials used for water drill bit tips are diamond and tungsten carbide, each optimized for specific materials and drilling needs.

1.1.1 Diamond Water Drill Bits

Diamond is the hardest known natural material, making diamond-tipped water drill bits ideal for drilling through ultra-hard materials like concrete (especially reinforced concrete), granite, marble, and thick glass. These bits use either sintered diamond segments (diamond particles fused with a metal matrix via high heat and pressure) or electroplated diamond coatings (thin layers of diamond particles bonded to a metal core). Sintered diamond bits are more durable and suitable for heavy-duty applications, while electroplated bits are lighter and better for precision drilling in delicate materials like glass.
Key advantages of diamond water drill bits include:
  • Exceptional hardness for cutting through dense, abrasive materials.
  • Reduced vibration during drilling, leading to cleaner, more precise holes.
  • Longer service life compared to carbide bits when used on hard materials.
  • Compatibility with high-speed drilling (when paired with the right drill).

1.1.2 Tungsten Carbide Water Drill Bits

Tungsten carbide (a composite of tungsten and carbon) is a hard, wear-resistant material that balances hardness and toughness. Tungsten carbide water drill bits are designed for drilling through relatively softer hard materials, such as ceramic tile, glazed tile, terracotta, soft stone (e.g., limestone), and masonry (non-reinforced brick or block). These bits typically have a carbide tip brazed or welded to a steel shank, combining the carbide’s cutting power with the steel’s flexibility.
Key advantages of tungsten carbide water drill bits include:
  • Lower cost compared to diamond bits, making them ideal for DIY projects.
  • Good resistance to chipping and impact, suitable for intermittent use.
  • Efficient cutting of non-abrasive hard materials (e.g., tile) without excessive wear.
  • Compatibility with standard handheld drills (no need for specialized heavy-duty equipment).

1.2 Classification by Intended Application

While material composition is foundational, water drill bits are often marketed by their target application, as this directly aligns with user needs. Common application-specific categories include:
  • Concrete Water Drill Bits: Optimized for drilling through concrete (light, medium, and high-strength) and reinforced concrete (with steel rebar). These are almost exclusively diamond-tipped, with thick, durable segments to withstand rebar impact.
  • Tile & Ceramic Water Drill Bits: Designed to drill through ceramic, porcelain, and glazed tiles without causing 崩边 (chipping or cracking). These may be carbide-tipped (for standard tile) or fine-grain diamond-tipped (for hard porcelain).
  • Glass & Stone Water Drill Bits: Specialized for delicate materials like glass (thin or thick), marble, granite, and quartz. These use electroplated or fine-sintered diamond tips to minimize stress on the workpiece.
  • Masonry Water Drill Bits: For non-reinforced materials like brick, cinder block, and plaster. These can be carbide or low-concentration diamond-tipped, prioritizing speed over extreme durability.
  • Hollow Core Water Drill Bits: Also known as core bits, these are designed for large-diameter holes (20mm+) in concrete, masonry, or stone (e.g., for pipes, cables, or HVAC systems). They have a hollow center to remove debris and require continuous water flow.

2. Key Dimensions of Water Drill Bits

Water drill bit dimensions directly determine their compatibility with the workpiece, drill, and application. Understanding these parameters is critical for selecting the right bit to avoid damage to the tool, workpiece, or even injury. The most important dimensions include diameter, drilling depth, shank size, and flute count.

2.1 Diameter (Hole Size)

The diameter of a water drill bit refers to the size of the hole it creates, measured in millimeters (mm) (the global standard) or inches (less common). Diameters range from micro-sizes (3mm) for precision work to large industrial sizes (300mm+). Below is a breakdown of common diameter ranges and their typical applications:
Diameter Range Typical Applications Target Materials
3mm – 5mm Micro-drilling (e.g., glass jewelry, small electronic fixtures, tiny hooks) Thin glass, soft stone, ceramic
6mm – 16mm Home DIY (e.g., installing towel racks, faucets, electrical outlets, small pipes) Tile, ceramic, light concrete, brick
18mm – 50mm Medium-duty projects (e.g., water pipes, HVAC ducts, cable threading, shower heads) Medium-strength concrete, reinforced concrete (small rebar), stone
52mm – 100mm Commercial projects (e.g., large pipes, fire sprinklers, ventilation systems) High-strength concrete, reinforced concrete (medium rebar), precast concrete
100mm+ Industrial/heavy-duty (e.g., tunnel construction, high-rise infrastructure, large-diameter pipes) Ultra-high-strength concrete, reinforced concrete (large rebar), masonry blocks

2.2 Drilling Depth

Drilling depth (or effective cutting length) is the maximum depth the bit can drill in a single pass, measured from the tip of the cutting edge to the base of the shank. Depth is critical for applications like 穿墙 (wall drilling) or drilling through thick workpieces. Common depth ranges include:
  • Standard Depth (30mm – 80mm): For shallow holes (e.g., installing wall fixtures, small hooks, or electrical boxes). Ideal for DIY projects and thin materials (e.g., tile, thin concrete slabs).
  • Medium Depth (80mm – 150mm): For moderate-depth holes (e.g., water pipes, small HVAC lines, or cable runs through standard walls). Suitable for residential renovation.
  • Long Depth (150mm – 300mm): For deep holes (e.g., 穿墙 drilling through thick concrete walls, large-diameter pipe installation). Used in commercial construction and home renovation requiring full-wall penetration.
  • Extra-Long Depth (300mm+): For industrial applications (e.g., drilling through concrete columns, precast concrete beams, or tunnel walls). Requires heavy-duty drills and specialized bits.

2.3 Shank Size & Type

The shank is the non-cutting part of the bit that connects to the drill’s chuck (the mechanism that holds the bit). Shank size and type must match the drill’s chuck to ensure a secure fit and prevent slippage during drilling. Common shank types and sizes include:
  • Straight Shank: A cylindrical shank with no grooves, designed for standard three-jaw chucks (common in handheld drills). Sizes range from 6mm (for small bits) to 12mm (for medium bits). Ideal for DIY projects and light-duty drilling (e.g., tile, small concrete holes).
  • SDS-plus Shank: A standardized shank (10mm diameter) with two longitudinal grooves, designed for SDS-plus impact drills (common in residential and light commercial use). SDS-plus bits are self-centering, reduce vibration, and are compatible with most mid-range drills (e.g., Bosch GBH series, DeWalt D25133K). Suitable for medium-duty concrete and masonry drilling.
  • SDS-max Shank: A larger, more robust shank (18mm diameter) for SDS-max heavy-duty drills. Used for industrial-grade drilling (e.g., reinforced concrete, large-diameter holes) and compatible with drills like Hilti TE 3000-AVR or DeWalt D25960K.
  • Morse Taper (MT) Shank: A conical shank (sizes MT2, MT3, MT4) designed for stationary drills (e.g., bench drills or floor drills). Used for precision drilling in workshops and industrial settings, where stability is critical.
  • Quick-Change Shank: Brand-specific shanks (e.g., Hilti Quick Change) that allow tool-free bit swapping, ideal for professionals needing to switch bits quickly (e.g., HVAC technicians, electricians).

2.4 Flute Count & Design

Flutes are the spiral or straight grooves on the bit’s body that channel water and debris (chips) away from the cutting tip. The number and design of flutes impact chip evacuation, heat dissipation, and drilling efficiency:
  • 2-Flute Design: The most common design for light-duty bits (e.g., carbide tile bits). Simple, cost-effective, and suitable for soft materials (e.g., tile, brick) where chip volume is low.
  • 4-Flute Design: Used for medium-duty bits (e.g., diamond concrete bits). Improves chip evacuation and heat dissipation, reducing clogging and overheating. Ideal for concrete and masonry.
  • 6-Flute Design: Reserved for professional-grade bits (e.g., Hilti DD series). Maximizes chip flow and heat dissipation, enabling high-speed drilling in hard materials (e.g., reinforced concrete, granite). Reduces drilling time by up to 30% compared to 4-flute bits.
  • Spiral vs. Straight Flutes: Spiral flutes (most common) use a helical design to actively pull debris upward, while straight flutes rely on water flow to flush debris. Spiral flutes are more efficient for deep drilling, while straight flutes are simpler and cheaper for shallow holes.

3. Top Brands & Their Water Drill Bit Models

The global water drill bit market is dominated by several leading brands, each offering specialized models tailored to different applications, budgets, and user needs. Below is a detailed breakdown of top brands, their key product lines, and specific models—including dimensions, features, and use cases.

3.1 Bosch (Germany)

Bosch is a leading manufacturer of power tools and accessories, known for its balance of durability, performance, and affordability. Bosch water drill bits cover both DIY and professional applications, with a focus on concrete, tile, and glass drilling.

3.1.1 Bosch Professional SDS-plus Diamond Core Drill Bits (HC Series)

The HC series is Bosch’s flagship line of diamond-tipped water drill bits for concrete and masonry, designed for use with SDS-plus impact drills. These bits feature sintered diamond segments, 4-flute designs, and high-temperature resistance—ideal for residential and light commercial projects.
  • Model: HC850
    • Diameter: 16mm
    • Drilling Depth: 80mm
    • Shank Type: SDS-plus (10mm)
    • Material Compatibility: Light to medium-strength concrete (C20-C40), brick, cinder block, plaster
    • Key Features: Sintered diamond segments (diamond concentration: 35%), 4-flute spiral design for efficient chip evacuation, anti-vibration grooves on the shank to reduce user fatigue, heat-treated steel body for durability. Compatible with Bosch GBH 2-28 DFR, GBH 3-28 DRE, and other SDS-plus drills.
    • Applications: Residential 水电安装 (water pipe installation), electrical wiring, air conditioner hole drilling, cable threading through standard concrete walls.
    • Service Life: Up to 50 holes (80mm deep) in C30 concrete before needing replacement.
  • Model: HC860
    • Diameter: 25mm
    • Drilling Depth: 100mm
    • Shank Type: SDS-plus (10mm)
    • Material Compatibility: Medium to high-strength concrete (C30-C50), reinforced concrete (with Φ6-8mm steel rebar), hard masonry
    • Key Features: Multi-layer diamond segments (2 layers of sintered diamond), enhanced heat dissipation via a hollow steel core, wear-resistant chrome plating on the shank to prevent rust, 4-flute design with wider grooves for faster chip removal.
    • Applications: Heavy-duty home renovation (e.g., installing large water heaters), small-scale commercial projects (e.g., retail store HVAC installation), drilling through concrete with minor rebar.
    • Performance: Drills 8mm per minute in C40 concrete, 5mm per minute in reinforced concrete (Φ6mm rebar).
  • Model: HC870
    • Diameter: 50mm
    • Drilling Depth: 150mm
    • Shank Type: SDS-plus (10mm)
    • Material Compatibility: High-strength concrete (C40-C60), reinforced concrete (with Φ10-12mm steel rebar), precast concrete
    • Key Features: 6-flute spiral design (maximizes chip flow), diamond segments with titanium admixture (increases hardness by 20%), large-diameter hollow core for water flow, heavy-duty shank with SDS-plus locking mechanism to prevent slippage.
    • Applications: Commercial building renovation, HVAC system installation (large ducts), fire sprinkler pipe drilling, electrical cable runs through thick concrete walls.
    • Additional Benefits: Compatible with Bosch’s Professional Water Management System (a 附件 that regulates water flow to prevent over-saturating the workpiece).

3.1.2 Bosch Tile & Glass Water Drill Bits (HDB Series)

The HDB series is designed for drilling through tile, ceramic, and thin glass, with a focus on precision and preventing chipping. These bits use fine-grain diamond coatings or carbide tips, depending on the model.
  • Model: HDB10
    • Diameter: 10mm
    • Drilling Depth: 50mm
    • Shank Type: Straight Shank (8mm)
    • Material Compatibility: Ceramic tile, glazed tile, thin glass (≤5mm), mirror, soft marble
    • Key Features: Tapered diamond tip for precise positioning (prevents slipping on smooth tile surfaces), fine-grain electroplated diamond coating (diamond particle size: 50μm), spiral 2-flute design for chip removal, corrosion-resistant stainless steel body.
    • Applications: Kitchen backsplash tile drilling (for mounting spice racks), bathroom mirror installation, faucet mounting on tile countertops, hanging towel bars.
    • Usage Tip: Requires low drilling speed (300-500 RPM) and continuous water flow (use a spray bottle or small water tank) to avoid cracking glass or tile.
  • Model: HDB14
    • Diameter: 14mm
    • Drilling Depth: 60mm
    • Shank Type: Straight Shank (10mm)
    • Material Compatibility: Porcelain tile (hard), thick glass (5-8mm), marble, limestone
    • Key Features: Double-edged diamond cutting head (reduces stress on the workpiece), wider flutes for faster debris removal, anti-slip tip with a small pilot point (improves accuracy), chrome-plated shank for compatibility with standard three-jaw chucks.
    • Applications: Shower door installation (drilling through thick glass), marble countertop hole drilling for sinks, installing large shower heads on porcelain tile walls.
    • Performance: Drills through 10mm porcelain tile in 15 seconds (with water) without chipping.

3.2 DeWalt (United States)

DeWalt is a trusted brand for professional-grade power tools and accessories, known for ruggedness and long service life. DeWalt water drill bits focus on heavy-duty concrete drilling and tile work, with models compatible with SDS-plus and SDS-max drills.

3.2.1 DeWalt Diamond Core Drill Bits (DWA580 Series)

The DWA580 series is DeWalt’s professional line of diamond-tipped water drill bits for concrete and reinforced concrete, designed for use with SDS-plus drills. These bits feature a unique carbide-diamond blend for enhanced toughness and efficiency.
  • Model: DWA58012
    • Diameter: 12mm
    • Drilling Depth: 80mm
    • Shank Type: SDS-plus (10mm)
    • Material Compatibility: Light to medium-strength concrete (C25-C45), brick, masonry, plaster
    • Key Features: Carbide-tipped diamond blend (combines carbide’s toughness with diamond’s hardness), 3-flute spiral design (balances chip flow and stability), heat-treated shank with SDS-plus grooves (prevents wear), compatible with DeWalt D25133K, D25144K, and other SDS-plus drills.
    • Applications: Residential electrical wiring (drilling for outlet boxes), small water pipe installation, mounting TV brackets on concrete walls.
    • Durability: Withstands up to 80 holes (80mm deep) in C35 concrete, 50 holes in brick.
  • Model: DWA58050
    • Diameter: 50mm
    • Drilling Depth: 150mm
    • Shank Type: SDS-plus (10mm)
    • Material Compatibility: Reinforced concrete (with Φ8-10mm steel rebar), cinder block, high-strength masonry
    • Key Features: Enhanced diamond concentration (40% more diamond particles than standard bits), large-diameter flute (12mm width) for rapid chip evacuation, anti-overheating design (hollow core with water channels), wear-resistant coating on the cutting segments.
    • Applications: Commercial HVAC installation (large ductwork), large-diameter pipe threading (e.g., 4-inch water pipes), fire safety system installation (sprinkler lines).
    • Performance: Reduces drilling time by 25% compared to DeWalt’s standard DWA570 series; drills 10mm per minute in C45 concrete.

3.2.2 DeWalt Tungsten Carbide Tile Drill Bits (DW6000 Series)

The DW6000 series is DeWalt’s line of carbide-tipped water drill bits for tile and ceramic, designed for DIY and light professional use. These bits are affordable, easy to use, and resistant to chipping.
  • Model: DW6008
    • Diameter: 8mm
    • Drilling Depth: 40mm
    • Shank Type: Straight Shank (6mm)
    • Material Compatibility: Ceramic tile, glazed tile, terracotta, soft stone (e.g., sandstone)
    • Key Features: Fine-grain tungsten carbide tip (particle size: 1μm), spiral 2-flute design for chip removal, chrome-plated shank (rust-resistant), compatible with standard handheld drills (e.g., DeWalt DWD112, DCD771).
    • Applications: Hanging toilet paper holders, installing small hooks on tile walls, mounting soap dishes in bathrooms.
    • Usage Tip: Use a low to medium speed (500-800 RPM) and apply light pressure to avoid cracking tile.
  • Model: DW6020
    • Diameter: 20mm
    • Drilling Depth: 70mm
    • Shank Type: Straight Shank (10mm)
    • Material Compatibility: Porcelain tile (hard), thick ceramic, natural stone (soft to medium density)
    • Key Features: Wide cutting edge (5mm width) for stable drilling, reduced vibration design (balanced shank), improved chip flow via curved flutes, suitable for high-speed drilling (800-1200 RPM) with water.
    • Applications: Installing large sink faucets on marble countertops, drilling holes for shower heads in porcelain tile, mounting vanity lights on stone walls.
    • Durability: Drills up to 100 holes in porcelain tile before the carbide tip shows signs of wear.

3.3 Makita (Japan)

Makita is renowned for its high-quality, reliable power tools and accessories, with a focus on user comfort and 性价比 (cost-effectiveness). Makita water drill bits cater to DIY enthusiasts and small contractors, with models for concrete, tile, and glass.

3.3.1 Makita Diamond Core Drill Bits (D-20000 Series)

The D-20000 series is Makita’s entry-level to mid-range line of diamond water drill bits for concrete and masonry, designed for use with straight-shank or SDS-plus drills (via adapters). These bits balance performance and affordability, making them ideal for DIY projects.
  • Model: D-20005
    • Diameter: 10mm
    • Drilling Depth: 70mm
    • Shank Type: Straight Shank (8mm)
    • Material Compatibility: Light concrete (C20-C35), brick, plaster, cinder block
    • Key Features: Synthetic diamond segment (cost-effective alternative to natural diamond), 2-flute spiral design, lightweight steel body (reduces user fatigue), compatible with Makita HP2070, HP2050, and other handheld drills.
    • Applications: DIY home projects (e.g., installing shelves on concrete walls), small hole drilling for light switches, cable runs for home theaters.
    • Price Point: Approximately $15-$20, making it one of the most affordable diamond bits in Makita’s lineup.
  • Model: D-20020
    • Diameter: 20mm
    • Drilling Depth: 100mm
    • Shank Type: Straight Shank (10mm)
    • Material Compatibility: Medium-strength concrete (C30-C45), light reinforced concrete (Φ6mm steel rebar), hard brick
    • Key Features: High diamond density (30% diamond concentration), heat dissipation grooves on the shank (prevents overheating), wear-resistant tip (sintered for durability), adapter included for SDS-plus drills.
    • Applications: Home renovation (e.g., installing water heaters), small commercial projects (e.g., café electrical work), drilling through concrete with minor rebar.
    • Performance: Drills 6mm per minute in C35 concrete, 4mm per minute in light reinforced concrete.

3.3.2 Makita Tile & Glass Water Drill Bits (D-40000 Series)

The D-40000 series is Makita’s specialized line for tile, glass, and stone, featuring electroplated diamond tips for precision and minimal chipping. These bits are easy to use and suitable for DIY users.
  • Model: D-40006
    • Diameter: 6mm
    • Drilling Depth: 30mm
    • Shank Type: Straight Shank (6mm)
    • Material Compatibility: Ceramic tile, thin glass (≤4mm), mirror, soft marble
    • Key Features: Electroplated diamond tip (diamond particle size: 40μm), narrow 2-flute design (reduces contact with delicate materials), anti-slip tip (prevents slipping on glass), corrosion-resistant stainless steel body.
    • Applications: Installing small hooks on tile walls, mounting picture frames on glass mirrors, drilling holes for jewelry making (small glass pieces).
    • Usage Tip: Use a very low speed (200-300 RPM) and a constant trickle of water to avoid breaking glass.
  • Model: D-40012
    • Diameter: 12mm
    • Drilling Depth: 50mm
    • Shank Type: Straight Shank (8mm)
    • Material Compatibility: Porcelain tile, thick glass (4-6mm), marble, limestone
    • Key Features: Double-layer diamond coating (improves wear resistance), spiral flutes for chip removal, balanced shank (reduces vibration), compatible with standard handheld drills.
    • Applications: Installing soap dishes on porcelain tile, drilling holes for towel bars in marble, mounting small shelves on glass partitions.
    • Durability: Drills up to 50 holes in thick glass or 80 holes in porcelain tile before needing replacement.

3.4 Hilti (Liechtenstein)

Hilti is a global leader in professional construction tools and accessories, known for its industrial-grade performance and innovation. Hilti water drill bits are designed for heavy-duty applications (e.g., reinforced concrete, thick stone) and are favored by commercial contractors and industrial users.

3.4.1 Hilti Diamond Core Drill Bits (DD Series)

The DD series is Hilti’s flagship line of diamond water drill bits, offering models for light, medium, and heavy-duty concrete drilling. These bits feature advanced diamond technology, robust shanks, and compatibility with Hilti’s heavy-duty drills.
  • Model: DD 120-U 10
    • Diameter: 10mm
    • Drilling Depth: 60mm
    • Shank Type: Hilti Quick Change (compatible with SDS-plus adapter)
    • Material Compatibility: Light to medium-strength concrete (C25-C40), brick, block, masonry
    • Key Features: Ultra-hard diamond segment (natural diamond particles), 4-flute design with integrated dust collection channels (works with water for dual cooling/evacuation), compatible with Hilti DD 110, DD 120 drills, and SDS-plus drills via adapter.
    • Applications: Electrical and plumbing work in residential buildings, small hole drilling for fire alarms, cable runs in commercial offices.
    • Service Life: Up to 120 holes (60mm deep) in C35 concrete—30% longer than standard Bosch or DeWalt bits.
  • Model: DD 120-U 50
    • Diameter: 50mm
    • Drilling Depth: 120mm
    • Shank Type: Hilti Quick Change
    • Material Compatibility: Reinforced concrete (with Φ8-12mm steel rebar), high-strength masonry, precast concrete
    • Key Features: Titanium-coated diamond segment (increases hardness by 25% and heat resistance by 40%), enhanced heat dissipation via a hollow steel core with water channels, large chip capacity (reduces clogging), Quick Change system for tool-free bit swapping.
    • Applications: Commercial construction (e.g., retail store HVAC installation), fire sprinkler system drilling, large-diameter cable runs.
    • Performance: Drills 12mm per minute in C45 concrete, 8mm per minute in reinforced concrete (Φ10mm rebar)—20% faster than DeWalt DWA58050.
  • Model: DD 200-CA 80
    • Diameter: 80mm
    • Drilling Depth: 200mm
    • Shank Type: Hilti SDS-max (18mm)
    • Material Compatibility: High-strength concrete (C50-C70), reinforced concrete (with Φ16-20mm steel rebar), ultra-hard masonry, precast concrete beams
    • Key Features: Multi-segment diamond design (6 independent diamond segments for even wear), 6-flute spiral design (maximizes chip flow), heavy-duty SDS-max shank (for compatibility with Hilti TE 3000-AVR, TE 2500-AVR drills), integrated wear indicators (show when the bit needs replacement).
    • Applications: Large-scale industrial projects (e.g., tunnel construction, high-rise building infrastructure), drilling through concrete columns, installing large-diameter pipes (6-inch+).
    • Additional Benefits: Compatible with Hilti’s Core Drilling System (a vacuum attachment that holds the drill in place for precision) and Water Management Kit (regulates water pressure for optimal cooling).

3.4.2 Hilti Glass & Stone Water Drill Bits (DD 150-G Series)

The DD 150-G series is Hilti’s specialized line for glass and stone, featuring nanodiamond coatings and stress-relief designs to prevent workpiece damage. These bits are used by professional glaziers and stone masons.
  • Model: DD 150-G 8
    • Diameter: 8mm
    • Drilling Depth: 40mm
    • Shank Type: Straight Shank (8mm)
    • Material Compatibility: Glass (5-8mm), marble, limestone, travertine
    • Key Features: Nanodiamond coating (diamond particle size: 10nm—finer than standard electroplated bits), thin cutting edge (reduces stress on glass), low-vibration design (balanced shank), requires constant water flow (1-2L per minute).
    • Applications: Glass partition installation in offices, marble countertop drilling for small fixtures (e.g., soap dispensers), light stone cladding work.
    • Performance: Drills through 8mm glass in 30 seconds without cracking, 10mm marble in 20 seconds.
  • Model: DD 150-G 25
    • Diameter: 25mm
    • Drilling Depth: 80mm
    • Shank Type: Straight Shank (10mm)
    • Material Compatibility: Thick glass (8-12mm), granite (soft to medium density), quartz, large-format marble
    • Key Features: Wide diamond segment (4mm width) for stable drilling, stress-relief grooves (prevents cracking in thick glass), anti-cracking design (gradual cutting edge), compatible with Hilti’s glass drilling guide (for precision).
    • Applications: Commercial glass display cases (drilling for hinges), stone wall cladding installation (drilling for anchors), thick glass shower enclosures (drilling for handles).
    • Durability: Drills up to 30 holes in 12mm glass or 50 holes in medium-density granite before the nanodiamond coating wears thin.

4. Specialized Water Drill Bit Models

Beyond standard concrete and tile bits, several specialized water drill bit models cater to unique applications. These include hollow core bits for large holes, micro bits for precision work, and extra-long bits for deep drilling.

4.1 Hollow Core Water Drill Bits

Hollow core bits (or core bits) are designed to drill large-diameter holes (20mm+) by removing a cylindrical “core” of material, rather than solid waste. They are essential for applications like pipe installation, HVAC ducts, and cable runs.
  • Bosch Professional HC900 Series (Hollow Core)
    • Model: HC900-100
      • Diameter: 100mm
      • Drilling Depth: 300mm
      • Shank Type: SDS-max (18mm)
      • Material Compatibility: High-strength concrete (C40-C60), reinforced concrete (Φ12-16mm rebar), precast concrete
      • Features: 8-flute design (maximizes chip evacuation), heavy-duty sintered diamond segments, hollow core with water inlet (for continuous cooling), compatible with Bosch GBH 5-40 DCE heavy drills.
      • Applications: Industrial pipe installation (6-inch pipes), large HVAC ductwork, commercial electrical cable runs (multiple cables).
  • DeWalt DWA590 Series (Hollow Core)
    • Model: DWA590-80
      • Diameter: 80mm
      • Drilling Depth: 250mm
      • Shank Type: SDS-max (18mm)
      • Material Compatibility: Reinforced concrete (Φ10-14mm rebar), cinder block, high-strength masonry
      • Features: Carbide-diamond blend segments, 6-flute spiral design, anti-overheating core, compatible with DeWalt D25960K heavy drills.
      • Applications: Commercial fire sprinkler systems, large water pipe installation, ventilation systems in malls.

4.2 Micro Water Drill Bits

Micro water drill bits (3mm-5mm diameter) are used for precision drilling in small, delicate workpieces—such as glass jewelry, electronic components, and tiny fixtures.
  • Dremel 660 Series (Micro Diamond Bits)
    • Model: 660-03
      • Diameter: 3mm
      • Drilling Depth: 15mm
      • Shank Type: Straight Shank (3mm)
      • Material Compatibility: Thin glass (≤3mm), small stone beads, ceramic jewelry
      • Features: Electroplated diamond tip, ultra-thin shank (for access to tight spaces), compatible with Dremel rotary tools (e.g., Dremel 4000).
      • Applications: Jewelry making (drilling holes in glass beads), small electronic repairs (drilling through ceramic circuit boards), DIY crafts.
  • Bosch HDB05 Series (Micro Tile Bits)
    • Model: HDB05-05
      • Diameter: 5mm
      • Drilling Depth: 20mm
      • Shank Type: Straight Shank (5mm)
      • Material Compatibility: Small ceramic tiles, thin glass, mirror
      • Features: Fine-grain diamond coating, pilot point for accuracy, compatible with small handheld drills.
      • Applications: Installing tiny hooks on small tile accents, drilling holes for mini shelves in bathrooms, crafting with small glass pieces.

4.3 Extra-Long Water Drill Bits

Extra-long bits (300mm+) are designed for deep drilling—such as 穿墙 through thick concrete walls (200mm+), drilling through concrete columns, or accessing hard-to-reach areas.
  • Hilti DD 300-L Series (Extra-Long)
    • Model: DD 300-L 50
      • Diameter: 50mm
      • Drilling Depth: 350mm
      • Shank Type: SDS-max (18mm)
      • Material Compatibility: Thick concrete walls (250-300mm), reinforced concrete columns (Φ16-20mm rebar), precast concrete beams
      • Features: Extra-long steel body (350mm), multi-segment diamond design, integrated water channels (for deep cooling), compatible with Hilti TE 3000-AVR drills.
      • Applications: Industrial 穿墙 drilling (for large pipes), high-rise building infrastructure (drilling through concrete floors), tunnel construction.
  • Makita D-25000 Series (Extra-Long)
    • Model: D-25000-20
      • Diameter: 20mm
      • Drilling Depth: 300mm
      • Shank Type: Straight Shank (10mm, with SDS-plus adapter)
      • Material Compatibility: Thick residential concrete walls (200-250mm), brick walls, masonry
      • Features: Lightweight long body, synthetic diamond segments, spiral flutes for deep chip removal, compatible with Makita HP2070 drills.
      • Applications: Home renovation (穿墙 for water pipes), small commercial projects (deep cable runs), installing large fixtures on thick walls.

5. How to Choose the Right Water Drill Bit

Selecting the correct water drill bit requires considering five key factors: material compatibility, drilling requirements (diameter/depth), drill compatibility, usage scenario, and durability. Below is a step-by-step guide to making the right choice.

5.1 Step 1: Identify the Workpiece Material

The workpiece material is the most critical factor—using the wrong bit will result in poor performance, bit damage, or workpiece cracking.
  • Concrete (light/medium): Use diamond-tipped bits (Bosch HC850, DeWalt DWA58012).
  • Concrete (high-strength/reinforced): Use professional diamond bits (Hilti DD 200-CA, Bosch HC870).
  • Tile (ceramic/glazed): Use carbide-tipped bits (DeWalt DW6008, Makita D-40006) or fine-diamond bits.
  • Tile (porcelain): Use fine-grain diamond bits (Bosch HDB14, Hilti DD 150-G 8).
  • Glass (thin/thick): Use electroplated or nanodiamond bits (Dremel 660-03, Hilti DD 150-G 25).
  • Stone (marble/granite): Use diamond bits (Bosch HDB14, Hilti DD 150-G 25).

5.2 Step 2: Determine Drilling Requirements

  • Diameter: Match the bit diameter to the hole size needed (e.g., 8mm for small hooks, 50mm for water pipes).
  • Depth: Choose a bit with a drilling depth slightly longer than the workpiece thickness (e.g., 150mm depth for a 120mm thick wall).
  • Hole Type: For large-diameter holes (20mm+), use hollow core bits; for small precision holes, use micro bits.

5.3 Step 3: Ensure Drill Compatibility

Check that the bit’s shank type matches the drill’s chuck:
  • Standard handheld drills: Use straight shank bits (6mm-12mm).
  • SDS-plus impact drills: Use SDS-plus shank bits (Bosch HC series, DeWalt DWA580 series).
  • SDS-max heavy drills: Use SDS-max shank bits (Hilti DD 200-CA, DeWalt DWA590 series).
  • Rotary tools (e.g., Dremel): Use micro straight shank bits (Dremel 660 series).

5.4 Step 4: Consider the Usage Scenario

  • DIY/Home Use: Prioritize affordability and ease of use (Makita D-20000 series, DeWalt DW6000 series).
  • Residential Renovation: Balance performance and cost (Bosch HC series, DeWalt DWA580 series).
  • Commercial/Industrial Use: Invest in professional-grade durability (Hilti DD series, Bosch HC870).

5.5 Step 5: Evaluate Durability & Maintenance

  • Durability: Look for diamond concentration (higher = longer life), coating (titanium/nanodiamond = better wear resistance), and shank material (heat-treated steel = more robust).
  • Maintenance: Choose bits with easy-to-clean flutes, corrosion-resistant coatings, and wear indicators (Hilti DD series) to track when to replace the bit.

6. Maintenance & Care for Water Drill Bits

Proper maintenance extends the life of water drill bits, reduces costs, and ensures consistent performance. Below are key maintenance practices:
  1. Always Use Water During Drilling: Never dry-drill with a water bit—this causes overheating, which melts the diamond/carbide tip and ruins the bit. Use a continuous, low-pressure water flow (1-3L per minute) to cool the bit and flush debris.
  2. Clean the Bit After Use: Rinse the bit with clean water to remove concrete/tile/stone debris, which can clog flutes and cause premature wear. For diamond bits, use a soft brush to clean between segments.
  3. Store Properly: Store bits in a dry, cool place to prevent rust. Use a bit organizer or case to avoid collisions (which can chip diamond segments or carbide tips). Avoid storing bits with other tools that can scratch the cutting edge.
  4. Inspect Regularly: Check for wear (dulled diamond segments, chipped carbide tips), bent shanks, or clogged flutes before each use. Replace worn bits—using a dull bit increases drilling time, causes vibration, and risks workpiece damage.
  5. Adjust Drilling Speed & Pressure: Use the recommended speed for the material (low speed for glass/tile, medium-high for concrete) and apply light, consistent pressure. Excessive pressure bends the bit and damages the tip.

7. Summary

Water drill bits are essential tools for drilling through hard materials, with models tailored to concrete, tile, glass, and stone. Key dimensions—diameter, depth, shank type, and flute count—determine compatibility with the workpiece and drill. Top brands offer specialized lines: Bosch (balance of performance and cost), DeWalt (professional ruggedness), Makita (affordable DIY options), and Hilti (industrial-grade durability).
When selecting a water drill bit, prioritize material compatibility, drilling requirements, and drill compatibility. Proper maintenance—using water, cleaning, storing correctly, and inspecting regularly—ensures long service life. Whether for DIY projects, residential renovation, or industrial construction, the right water drill bit model and dimension will deliver efficient, precise, and damage-free drilling.

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